Biomass Supply Chain in the Co-firing Process of Coal Power Plant (Case Study: PLTU Indramayu)
Keywords:
Biomass, Co-firing, Emissions, Supply Chain, Aspen Plus, LingoAbstract
This study investigates the potential of biomass utilization in the co-firing process at the Indramayu coal-fired power plant (PLTU) to enhance energy sustainability. Biomass sources such as rice husks and wood shavings were analyzed for their impact on power generation, emissions, and supply logistics. Operational performance was modeled using Aspen Plus, while Lingo was used to optimize the biomass supply chain. The findings reveal that biomass suppliers near PLTU Indramayu currently provide only 4,330 tons/month, falling short of the 14,070 tons/month needed for 5% co-firing resulting in a 9,740-ton deficit. Aspen Plus simulations show that co-firing up to 5% biomass maintains thermal efficiency and emission compliance, while significantly reducing CO₂, SO₂, and NOₓ emissions, making it both technically and environmentally viable. A supply chain optimization model estimates a minimum procurement cost of IDR 936.66 billion, considering supplier location, transport, and production capacity. To close the biomass gap, the report recommends developing Energy Plantation Forests (HTE), requiring around 2,338 hectares. Two potential land areas (1,400–1,600 ha each) have been identified to meet this need.
Downloads
References
Santoso, R. (2017): Kebijakan Energi di Indonesia: Menuju Kemandirian, Jurnal Analis Kebijakan, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.37145/jak.v1i1.21.
Paramita, R., and Pranchiska, I. (3 February 2024): Buletin APBN, Pusat Analisis Anggaran dan Keuangan Negara, Badan Keahlian Setjen DPR RI, IX(3).
Peraturan Presiden Republik Indonesia Nomor 22 Tahun 2017 tentang Rencana Umum Energi Nasional. (n.d.):
Pribadi, A. (27 July 2021): Siaran Pers Kementerian ESDM Nomor 246.Pers/04/SJI/2021, retrieved 8 June 2024from internet: https://www.esdm.go.id/id/media-center/arsip-berita/cadangan-batubara-masih-3884-miliar-ton-teknologi-bersih-pengelolaannya-terus-didorong.
Gil, M. V., and Rubiera, F. (2019): Coal and Biomass Cofiring: Fundamentals and Future Trends, 117–140 in New Trends in Coal Conversion, Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-102201-6.00005-4.
Karampinis, E., Grammelis, P., Agraniotis, M., Violidakis, I., and Kakaras, E. (2014): Co‐firing of Biomass with Coal in Thermal Power Plants: Technology Schemes, Impacts, and Future Perspectives, WIREs Energy and Environment, 3(4), 384–399. https://doi.org/10.1002/wene.100
Herlambang, S., Rina, S., Purwono, and Tri Stiono, H. (2017): Biomassa Sebagai Sumber Energi Masa Depan, Gerbang Media Aksara, Yogyakarta.
Mutasim, B. (2010): Peningkatan Nilai Kalor Batubara Peringkat Rendah. Menggunakan minyak Tanah dan Minyak Residu, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Press, Yogyakarta.
Saxena, R. C., Adhikari, D. K., and Goyal, H. B. (2009): Biomass-based energy fuel through biochemical routes: A review, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 13(1), 167–178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2007.07.011
Bahillo, A., Cabanillas, A., Gayán, P., Diego, L. D., Adanez, J., and Castán, M. L. (2003): Co-combustion of coal and biomass in FB boilers: model validation with experimental results from CFB pilot plant, Energy Agency-Fluidized Bed Conversion.
Syarifudin (2004): Optimasi Pasokan Batubara untuk Pembangkit Listrik Domestik Menggunakan Programa Linear, Fakultas Teknik Universitas Indonesia.
Ahmad Nurhadiyan Alifdiandra (2022): Perancangan Model Optimasi untuk Meminimalkan Total Biaya Persediaan Feedstock pada Gudang PLTBm dengan Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP), Fakultas Teknik Universitas Indonesia.
Nur Cahyo, Meiri Triani, Rasgianti, Ruly Sitanggan, Eko Supriyanto, Paryanto (2022): Simulasi Karakteristik Co-Firing Rice Husk pada PLTU Batubara Pulverized Coal Kapasitas 400 MWe, ROTASI, Vol. 24 No. 2, Hal. 43-53:
Song, C., Guo, N., Ren, F., Ren, X. (2024): Simulation of Power Generation System with Co-Combustion of Coal and Torrefied Biomass by Flue Gas, Energies, 17, 3047.
Ubaedi Susanto (2023): Analisa Teknis Uji Bakar Pelet Rice Husk dan Kajian Keekonomian Co-Firing pada Pulverizer Coal Boiler Sub-Critical 300 MW, Studi di PLTU Indramayu, Fakultas Teknik Universitas Indonesia.
Aditya, I. A., Haryadi, F. N., and Haryani, I. (2022): Analisis Pengujian Co-Firing Biomassa Cangkang Kelapa Sawit pada PLTU Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB), ROTASI, Vol. 24 No. 2, Hal. 61-66
Zhakupov, D., Kulmukanova, L., Sarbassov, Y., Shah, D. (2022): Flue Gas Analysis for Biomass and Coal Co-Firing in Fluidized Bed: Process Simulation and Validation, International Journal of Coal Science & Technology, 9:59.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 ITB Graduate School Conference
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
