Simulation of Co-firing Calliandra Sawdust and Coal at CFPP Alor Using Thermoflow v.32 Software
Keywords:
co-firing, Calliandra biomass, CFPP, Thermoflow v.32, emission reduction, fuel efficiencyAbstract
The Indonesian government is actively promoting biomass co-firing as a transition strategy to reduce carbon emissions in coal fired power plants (CFPPs). This study investigates the performance of co-firing Calliandra sawdust biomass with coal in the CFPP Alor using Thermoflow v.32 software. Simulations were conducted with co-firing ratios of 0%, 5%, 50% (optimal), 70%, and 100% to evaluate the impacts on net power output, CO₂ emissions, fuel flow, and auxiliary power consumption. The results show that increasing the biomass ratio significantly reduces the CO₂ emission intensity from 1.454 kg/kWh at 0% co-firing to 0.771 kg/kWh at 50%, and to zero at 100%. However, these emission benefits come at the expense of increased fuel flow and internal power consumption due to the lower heating value of biomass. The optimal co-firing ratio is set at 50%, achieving a balance between environmental benefits and operational efficiency, with a net power output of 3,079 MW and moderate auxiliary load. The study concludes that biomass co-firing using Calliandra is technically feasible without modifying existing equipment and can substantially support decarbonization goals, provided that the fuel supply and handling systems are well managed.
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