Energy Performance Analysis and Operational Efficiency Improvement of Steam Power Plant: Energy Audit Case Study
Keywords:
Energy efficiency, coal-fired power plant, energy balance, power loss, combustion optimizationAbstract
This study aims to analyze and provide recommendations for increasing energy efficiency at the Labuhan Angin Steam Power Plant (PLTU) by considering technical, economic, and environmental aspects. The Labuhan Angin PLTU, with a capacity of 2×115 MW, uses Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB) boiler technology that operates the Rankine cycle with high-pressure steam. The method used is a case study with a quantitative and qualitative approach, examining operational data and the thermodynamic system of the power plant during August–December 2024. Quantitative analysis includes measuring cycle efficiency and energy distribution using Aspen HYSYS software, while qualitative analysis assesses operational and technical factors that affect power plant performance. The results of the study show that the thermal efficiency of the PLTU reaches around 22.02%, with steam pressure as the main variable that greatly influences efficiency improvement; the higher the steam pressure, the power plant efficiency increases to more than 23.5%. The study also identified that the efficiency of the boiler, turbine, and air heating system are crucial factors in improving performance, as well as the need for routine maintenance and the use of alternative fuels such as biomass. The application of the regenerative cycle has been proven to reduce boiler energy consumption by up to 22% and heat loss through the condenser by up to 25%, thereby significantly increasing efficiency. These findings provide the basis for technical recommendations for optimizing the operation of the Labuhan Angin PLTU to achieve higher energy efficiency while reducing environmental impacts.
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