Land Use Change Analysis on Sediment Yield in the Cisokan Watershed Using SWAT+: Implications for the Operation of the Upper Cisokan Pumped Storage Hydropower Plant
Keywords:
Cisokan watershed, land use change, sediment yield, SWAT , watershed managementAbstract
The Cisokan watershed plays a crucial role in supporting the sustainability of the Upper Cisokan Pumped Storage Hydropower Plant (UCPS). This study analyzes the impact of land cover change on sediment yield in the Cisokan Watershed during the 2013–2023 period using the high-resolution SWAT+ model. The model was calibrated with monthly observed streamflow data, resulting in a Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) of 0.80 (2013) and 0.65 (2023), indicating good model performance. Land cover data were obtained from the Indonesian Ministry of Environment (KLH), while climate data were sourced from MSWEP and ERA5. Using a zero-threshold HRU approach, the model generated 2,823 spatial units. The simulation results indicate an increase in total sediment yield of approximately 24.3%, with the highest concentrations in Sub-watersheds 1 and 3. These findings provide a scientific basis for spatially targeted land conservation planning to ensure the long-term sustainability of UCPS operations.
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