Optimal Coal Supplier Selection for Sawdust Co-Firing in Power Plants Using Thermodynamic Simulation and Multi-Objective Optimization
Keywords:
biomass co-firing, emissions, cycle-tempo, higher heating value, multi-objective optimization, specific fuel consumptionAbstract
Indonesia’s pursuit of a low-carbon energy transition prioritizes biomass co-firing in coal-fired power plants (CFPPs) as a pragmatic strategy. At Paiton CFPP, a 5% sawdust co-firing ratio is employed without necessitating boiler modifications. However, coal procurement involves multiple suppliers with variable fuel characteristics, complicating the evaluation of performance under co-firing conditions. This study introduces a systematic framework to identify the optimal coal supplier by assessing blended fuel based on higher heating value (HHV), specific fuel consumption (SFC), and CO₂ emissions. Calorific values are sourced from Certificate of Sampling and Analysis (COSA), emissions are estimated via combustion stoichiometry based on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) methodology, and SFC is calculated using thermodynamic simulation in Cycle-Tempo. A multi-objective optimization is performed using the Weighted Sum Method (WSM) to integrate and rank supplier performance. Findings reveal that Supplier S13 offers the highest HHV, lowest SFC, and relatively low emissions, indicating its superior suitability. The proposed method provides a robust and reproducible decision-making tool to support environmentally optimized coal procurement in co-fired CFPPs.
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