Techno-Economic Optimization of Hydrogen-Based Hybrid Power System for Semau Island
Keywords:
hybrid, BESS, HESS, HOMER Pro, NPC, LCOE, LCOH, CO₂ emissions, clean energy transitionAbstract
Island regions such as Semau Island, East Nusa Tenggara, face significant challenges in providing reliable, clean, and sustainable energy. Diesel Generator (DG)-based systems remain dominant but generate high emissions and lack energy storage components. This study analyzes the technical and economic performance of three Hybrid Renewable Energy System (HRES) scenarios: (1) DG–PV–BESS, (2) DG–PV–HESS, and (3) PV–BESS–HESS, using HOMER Pro simulation
The first scenario yields the lowest Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) at 0,159 USD/kWh, but with the highest CO₂ emissions at 584.862 kg/year and B40 fuel consumption of 225.777 L/year. The second scenario offers an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 29%, a payback period of 4,1 years, an LCOE of 0,217 USD/kWh, and CO₂ emissions of 540.715 kg/year. The third scenario, which is fully renewable, results in an LCOE of 0,213 USD/kWh, zero emissions, a renewable fraction of 100%, and the lowest Levelized Cost of Hydrogen (LCOH) at 8,34 USD/kg.
Hydrogen integration has proven to reduce battery usage (minimizing potential chemical waste), extend battery lifespan, and improve overall system sustainability. This study supports the adoption of hydrogen-based HRES as an efficient, reliable, and environmentally friendly clean energy transition solution for island communities.
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