Techno-Economic Feasibility Study of Solar PV Integration at PLTGU Tanjung Batu, East Kalimantan
Keywords:
photovoltaic, techno-economic analysis, PLTGU, rooftop, solar, NPV, IRR, LCOEAbstract
The growing global demand for electricity and the environmental impact of fossil fuels have prompted Indonesia to seek cleaner energy solutions. Despite high solar energy potential, the expansion of large-scale photovoltaic (PV) systems in Indonesia is hindered by land and investment constraints. This study evaluates the techno-economic feasibility of integrating a rooftop solar PV system at PLTGU Tanjung Batu using PVsyst simulation, focusing on system performance and financial viability through NPV, IRR, and Payback Period calculations. Results show an annual output of 232,562 kWh, PR of 81.36%, and a payback period of 18.4 years, indicating long-term viability with proper fiscal support.
Downloads
References
M. Agostini et al., “Experimental evidence of neutrinos produced in the CNO fusion cycle in the Sun,” Nature, vol. 587, no. 7835, pp. 577–582, 2020, doi: 10.1038/s41586-020-2934-0.
T. Ahmad and D. Zhang, “A critical review of comparative global historical energy consumption and future demand: The story told so far,” Energy Reports, vol. 6, pp. 1973–1991, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.egyr.2020.07.020.
M. T. Ahmed, M. R. Rashel, M. Islam, A. K. M. K. Islam, and M. Tlemcani, “Classification and Parametric Analysis of Solar Hybrid PVT System: A Review,” Energies, vol. 17, no. 3, 2024, doi: 10.3390/en17030588.
H. Ahmetović, A. Bosović, A. Merzić, and M. Musić, “Analysis of Microgrid Operation in Stand-Alone Mode - Sustainable Smart Tourist Village Case Study,” B&H Electrical Engineering, vol. 14, no. s1, pp. 35–42, 2020, doi: 10.2478/bhee-2020-0004.
A. S. Al-Ezzi and M. N. M. Ansari, “Photovoltaic Solar Cells: A Review,” Applied System Innovation, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 1–17, 2022, doi: 10.3390/asi5040067.
J. Aldersey-Williams and T. Rubert, “Levelised cost of energy – A theoretical justification and critical assessment,” Energy Policy, vol. 124, pp. 169–179, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2018.10.004.
M. A. Almutiari and M. J. Rawa, “Transient stability analysis of large-scale PV penetration on power systems,” International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology, vol. 13, no. 5, pp. 1030–1038, 2020, doi: 10.37624/ijert/13.5.2020.1030-1038.
T. Baydyk, E. Kussul, and D. C. Wunsch II, “Renewable Energy: Solar, Wind, and Others,” in Springer Handbook of Computational Intelligence, pp. 1–11, 2019, doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-02236-5_1.
C. F. Becker and J. S. Boyd, “Solar radiation availability on surfaces in the United States as affected by season, orientation, latitude, altitude and cloudiness,” Solar Energy, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 13–21, 1957, doi: 10.1016/0038-092X(57)90050-6.
V. Benda, “Photovoltaics: The Basics,” in A Comprehensive Guide to Solar Energy Systems, pp. 151–179, 2018, doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-811479-7.00008-7.
M. Z. A. Bhatti, A. Siddique, W. Aslam, and S. Atiq, “Design and Analysis of a Hybrid Stand-Alone Microgrid,” Energies, vol. 17, no. 1, 2024, doi: 10.3390/en17010200.
A. K. Bohre and B. K. S. Roy, “Over current protection of distribution system with impact of solar and wind generation using DIgSIlent PowerFactory,” International Journal of Engineering, Science and Technology, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 122–131, 2022, doi: 10.4314/ijest.v14i3.14s.
G. Drozdowski and P. Dziekański, “Net Present Value (NPV) As a Reinforcement of the Decision-Making Process in Terms of Investment Selection,” Market Infrastructure, no. 66, pp. 40–45, 2022, doi: 10.32843/infrastruct66-7.
R. Durković and R. Grujičić, “An approach to determine the minimum specific fuel consumption and engine economical operation curve model,” Measurement, vol. 132, pp. 303–308, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.measurement.2018.09.053.
M. F. Ishraque, A. Rahman, S. A. Shezan, and G. M. Shafiullah, “Operation and Assessment of a Microgrid for Maldives: Islanded and Grid-Tied Mode,” Sustainability, vol. 14, no. 23, pp. 1–18, 2022, doi: 10.3390/su142315504.
M. A. Jirdehi, V. S. Tabar, S. Ghassemzadeh, and S. Tohidi, “Different aspects of microgrid management: A comprehensive review,” Journal of Energy Storage, vol. 30, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.est.2020.101457.
C. A. Gueymard, “A reevaluation of the solar constant based on a 42-year total solar irradiance time series and a reconciliation of spaceborne observations,” Solar Energy, vol. 168, pp. 2–9, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.solener.2018.04.001.
M. Hafeez, M. Hariri, M. Khairunaz, M. Desa, and S. Masri, “Grid-connected PV generation,” Energies, vol. 13, no. 17, p. 4279, 2020.
S. Hasan, M. R. Hazari, E. Jahan, and M. A. Mannan, “Design optimization of a grid-tied microgrid for a residential community in southern Bangladesh,” Clean Energy, vol. 7, no. 6, pp. 1300–1315, 2023, doi: 10.1093/ce/zkad056.
A. Hassan, S. Z. Ilyas, A. Jalil, and Z. Ullah, “Monetization of the environmental damage caused by fossil fuels,” Environmental Science and Pollution Research, vol. 28, no. 17, pp. 21204–21211, 2021, doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-12205-w.
M. B. Hayat, D. Ali, K. C. Monyake, L. Alagha, and N. Ahmed, “Solar energy—A look into power generation, challenges, and a solar-powered future,” International Journal of Energy Research, vol. 43, no. 3, pp. 1049–1067, 2019, doi: 10.1002/er.4252.
A. Herez et al., “A review on the classifications and applications of solar photovoltaic technology,” AIMS Energy, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 1102–1130, 2023, doi: 10.3934/ENERGY.2023051.
M. Katsivelakis, D. Bargiotas, A. Daskalopulu, I. P. Panapakidis, and L. Tsoukalas, “Techno-economic analysis of a stand-alone hybrid system: Application in Donoussa Island, Greece,” Energies, vol. 14, no. 7, pp. 1–31, 2021, doi: 10.3390/en14071868.
S. Yard, “Developments of the payback method,” International Journal of Production Economics, vol. 67, no. 2, pp. 155–167, 2000, doi: 10.1016/S0925-5273(00)00003-7.
T. Shou, “A Literature Review on the Net Present Value (NPV) Valuation Method,” Proceedings of the 2022 2nd International Conference on Enterprise Management and Economic Development (ICEMED 2022), 656(Icemed), pp. 826–830, 2022, doi: 10.2991/aebmr.k.220603.135.
E. Quiles, C. Roldán-Blay, G. Escrivá-Escrivá, and C. Roldán-Porta, “Accurate sizing of residential stand-alone photovoltaic systems considering system reliability,” Sustainability (Switzerland), vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 1–18, 2020, doi: 10.3390/su12031274.
PT PLN (Persero), “Rencana Usaha Penyediaan Tenaga Listrik (RUPTL) PT PLN (Persero) 2021-2030,” Rencana Usaha Penyediaan Tenaga Listrik 2021-2030, 2019–2028, 2021.
M. Katsivelakis, D. Bargiotas, A. Daskalopulu, I. P. Panapakidis, and L. Tsoukalas, “Techno-economic analysis of a stand-alone hybrid system: Application in Donoussa Island, Greece,” Energies, vol. 14, no. 7, pp. 1–31, 2021, doi: 10.3390/en14071868.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 ITB Graduate School Conference
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
