Analysis of Carbon Footprint on The Supply Chain Activities of Main Transmission Material (MTU) PT PLN (Persero)
Keywords:
air insulated switchgear, carbon footprint, gate-to-gate, life cycle assessment, green supply chain, sustainabilityAbstract
This study aims to develop a method for creating a carbon footprint inventory for substation equipment using a gate-to-gate Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach. The analysis looks at Main Transmission Equipment (MTU) in Air Insulated Switchgear (AIS), which includes circuit breakers, disconnecting switches, current/voltage transformers, and lightning arresters that operate at voltage levels between 70 and 500 kV. Emission calculations were carried out by inventorying each process from port arrival, internal transfer, manufacturing, testing, and packaging to gate-out delivery. Manufacturers in China import several equipment components, which involve international marine transport to Indonesia. The results indicate that the factory testing stage is the emission hotspot across all equipment categories due to the intensive use of high-capacity electricity. The largest emission value was recorded for 500 kV circuit breakers, reaching 1,279.38 kgCO₂e per unit, driven mainly by their complex manufacturing and energy-intensive testing requirements. In total, international sea transport and electricity consumption during testing dominate the carbon footprint profile. These findings provide input for PLN’s green procurement strategy and vendor evaluation system toward net zero emissions by 2060.
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