Analysis of Community-based Enterprise Development Process in Indonesian Return Migrant Workers Community
Keywords:
return migrant workers community, cooperative, community-based enterprise
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to analysis how a community-based enterprise can be formed in Indonesian return migrant workers community through a series of stages of the development process that has been carried out. This study used a qualitative method with a case study approach. Taking a case study on Sahabat Bersama Cooperative formed by Migrant Workers Family Community or Komunitas Keluarga Buruh Migran (KKBM) Karawang, this research examined how a community can collaborate to create a community-based enterprise. By using the model of the stages of community social enterprise development process from Munoz et al. (2014) which has been modified according to research needs, the results show that there were six stages to go through in the creation of the Sahabat Bersama Cooperative. The stages were legitimacy, needs/opportunity recognition, group coalescence, organizational establishment, community enterprise operates, and community enterprise grows. This research shows that the entrepreneurial activities carried out by Komunitas Keluarga Buruh Migran (KKBM) Karawang used a community development approach with the involvement of community members in every stage of the cooperative development process as a community-based enterprise.
References
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[2] Pusat Data dan Informasi BP2MI, Data Pekerja Migran Indonesia Periode Tahun 2021, Badan Pelindungan Pekerja Migran Indonesia, pp. 4-13, 2022.
[3] Dewi, E. & Yazid, S., Tata Kelola Remitansi Buruh Migran Indonesia oleh Pemangku Kepentingan di Tingkat Nasional dan Akar Rumput: Praktik Baik, Peluang dan Tantangan, Jurnal Hubungan Internasional, 6(2), pp. 209-220, 2017.
[4] Maksum, A., Indonesia post-migrant workers: A challenging problem for human security, Social Science & Humanities Open, 4(1), pp. 1-10, 2021.
[5] Zid, M., Alkhudri, A.T., Casmana, A.R., Marini, A., & Wahyudi, A., Ex Migrant Workers of International Women and Social Entrepreneurship: Study at Kenanga Village in Indramayu Regency West Java Province in Indonesia, International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, 29 (6), pp. 1855-1861, 2020.
[6] Hidayat, D.R., Pencegahan TKI Kembali ke Luar Negeri Melalui Pelatihan untuk dapat Berwirausaha, Jurnal Sarwahita, 13(1), pp. 34-39, 2016.
[7] Bachtiar, P.P., & Prasetyo, D.D., Return Migration and Various Reintegration Programs for Low-Skilled Migrants Workers in Indonesia, SMERU Research Institute, 2017.
[8] Yuniarto, P.R., Indonesian Return Migrants Entrepreneurship at Home Village: Knowledge Production and Living Strategy, Jurnal Kependudukan Indonesia, 13(2), pp. 89-102, 2018.
[9] Dustmann, C. & Kirchkamp, O., The Optimal Migration Duration and Activity Choice After Re-Migration, Journal of Development Economic, 67, pp. 351 – 372, 2002.
[10] Black, R. & Costaldo, A., Return Migration and Entrepreneurship in Ghana and Cote D’Ivoire: The Role of Capital Transfer, Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie 100(1), pp. 44–58, 2009.
[11] Sinatti, G., Return Migration, Entrepreneurship and Development: Contrasting the Economic Growth Perspective of Senegal’s Diaspora Policy Through a Migrant-centered Approach, African Studies, 78(4), pp. 609-623, 2019.
[12] Åkesson, L., Obstacles and Openings: Returnees and Small-scale Businesses in Cape Verde, in Åkesson & Eriksson-Baaz (eds), The New Developers? Experiences of African Return Migrants, Zed Books, pp. 152-170, 2015.
[13] Spitzer, D.L., Return Migrant Entrepreneurship and The Migration and Development Agenda: A Focus on Filipino and Indonesian Migrant Workers, Migration, Mobility & Displacement, 2(2), pp. 24-39, 2016.
[14] Anwar, R.P. & Chan, C., Constrasting Return Migrant Entrepreneurship Experiences in Javanese Villages, International Migration, International Organization of Migration (IOM), pp. 1-14, 2016.
[15] Hertel, C.J., Community-based Entrepreneurship – Toward a Legitimate Research Domain, Doctoral dissertation, TUM School of Management, Technische Universit¨at München, Munchen, 2018.
[16] Haugh, H.M. & Pardy, W., Community entrepreneurship in north east Scotland, International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 5(4), pp. 163-172, 1999.
[17] Wahyono, E., Kolopaking, L.M., Sumarti, T., & Hubeis, A.V.S., Jaringan Digital dan Pengembangan Kewirausahaan Sosial Buruh Migran Perempuan, Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 16(1), pp. 57-76, 2019.
[18] Pierre, A., von Friedrich, Y. & Wincent, J., Entrepreneurship in Society: A Review and Definition of Community-Based Entrepreneurship Research, In: Lundström, A., Zhou, C., von Friedrichs, Y., Sundin, E. (eds) Social Entrepreneurship, International Studies in Entrepreneurship, 29, pp. 239-257, 2014.
[19] Paredo, A.M. & Chrisman, J.J., Toward a Theory of Community-Based Enterprise, Academy of Management Review, 31(2), pp. 309-328, 2006.
[20] Haugh, H., Community-Led Social Venture Creation, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 31(2), pp. 16-182, 2007.
[21] Munoz, S-A., Steiner, A., & Farmer, J., Processes of community-led social enterprise development: learning from the rural context, Community Development Journal, 50(3), pp. 478-493, 2014.
[22] Dana, L.P., & Dana, T.E., Expanding the scope of methodologies used in entrepreneurship research, International Journal Entrepreneurship and Small Business, 2(1), pp. 79-88, 2005.
[23] Cresswell, J.W., & Cresswell, J.D., Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches, ed. 5, SAGE Publications, Inc, 2018.
[24] Miles, M., Huberman, A.M., & Saldana, J., Qualitative Data Analysis – A Methods Sourcebook, ed. 3, SAGE Publications, Inc, 2014.
Published
2023-06-25
How to Cite
Mardhotillah, A., & Sofhani, T. F. (2023). Analysis of Community-based Enterprise Development Process in Indonesian Return Migrant Workers Community. ITB Graduate School Conference, 2(2), 75-86. Retrieved from https://gcs.itb.ac.id/proceeding-igsc/index.php/igsc/article/view/103
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