Effect of Hole Transport Layer Acceptor Density on the Performance of FASnI3 Perovskite Solar Cells
Keywords:
Perovskite solar cells, SCAPS-1D simulation, Hole transport materialsAbstract
Lead-free perovskites have emerged as a highly promising alternative for efficient and environmentally friendly photovoltaics due to their inherent optoelectronic properties. This study presents a numerical investigation into structured n–i–p inorganic perovskite photovoltaics using the Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator (SCAPS-1D). Various carbon materials including single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT), graphene oxide (GO), and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) were employed as candidates for the hole transport layer (HTL) with FASnI3 serving as the active material and TiO2 as the electron transport layer (ETL). This study investigates the impact of acceptor density on the performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) using various hole transport layers (HTLs), specifically SWCNT, GO, and rGO. The results indicate that increasing the acceptor density of particular HTL enhances the power conversion efficiency (PCE), in which GO shows a PCE increase from 17.99% to 19.61% as the acceptor density rises from NA=1015 cm−3 to NA =1022 cm−3 while SWCNT and rGO do not. This study emphasizes the critical role of acceptor density in optimizing PSC performance and its significance for future research and the development of advanced HTL materials.
Downloads
References
N. Renewable Energy Laboratory, “NREL Best Research-Cell PV Efficiency Chart,” 1976.
A. R. Zanatta, “The Shockley–Queisser limit and the conversion efficiency of silicon-based solar cells,” Results in Optics, vol. 9, Dec. 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.rio.2022.100320.
L. C. Andreani, A. Bozzola, P. Kowalczewski, M. Liscidini, and L. Redorici, “Silicon solar cells: Toward the efficiency limits,” Jan. 01, 2019, Taylor and Francis Ltd. doi: 10.1080/23746149.2018.1548305.
M. A. Green, A. Ho-Baillie, and H. J. Snaith, “The emergence of perovskite solar cells,” 2014, Nature Publishing Group. doi: 10.1038/nphoton.2014.134.
B. Bin Yu et al., “Heterogeneous 2D/3D Tin-Halides Perovskite Solar Cells with Certified Conversion Efficiency Breaking 14%,” Advanced Materials, vol. 33, no. 36, Sep. 2021, doi: 10.1002/adma.202102055.
J. Santos et al., “Hole-Transporting Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells Employing an Anthradithiophene Core,” ACS Appl Mater Interfaces, vol. 13, no. 24, pp. 28214–28221, Jun. 2021, doi: 10.1021/acsami.1c05890.
W. Setyawan and S. Curtarolo, “High-throughput electronic band structure calculations: Challenges and tools,” Comput Mater Sci, vol. 49, no. 2, pp. 299–312, Aug. 2010, doi: 10.1016/j.commatsci.2010.05.010.
Y. Zhang and J. Wang, “Bound exciton model for an acceptor in a semiconductor,” Phys Rev B Condens Matter Mater Phys, vol. 90, no. 15, Oct. 2014, doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.90.155201.
G. Ortiz et al., “Impact of acceptor concentration on electrical properties and density of interface states of 4H-SiC n-metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors studied by Hall effect,” Appl Phys Lett, vol. 106, no. 6, 2015, doi: 10.1063/1.4908123ï.
M. K. Hossain, M. H. K. Rubel, G. F. I. Toki, I. Alam, M. F. Rahman, and H. Bencherif, “Effect of Various Electron and Hole Transport Layers on the Performance of CsPbI3-Based Perovskite Solar Cells: A Numerical Investigation in DFT, SCAPS-1D, and wxAMPS Frameworks,” ACS Omega, vol. 7, no. 47, pp. 43210–43230, Nov. 2022, doi: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05912.
L. R. Karna, R. Upadhyay, and A. Ghosh, “All-inorganic perovskite photovoltaics for power conversion efficiency of 31%,” Sci Rep, vol. 13, no. 1, Dec. 2023, doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-42447-w.
A. L. Palma et al., “Reduced graphene oxide as efficient and stable hole transporting material in mesoscopic perovskite solar cells,” Nano Energy, vol. 22, pp. 349–360, Apr. 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2016.02.027.
P. Fooladvand, M. Eskandari, D. Fathi, and N. Das, “Single-walled carbon nanotube as hole transport layer in perovskite solar cell: Efficiency enhancement,” Energy Reports, vol. 10, pp. 3652–3664, Nov. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.egyr.2023.10.020.
M. K. A. Mohammed et al., “Improving the performance of perovskite solar cells with carbon nanotubes as a hole transport layer,” Opt Mater (Amst), vol. 138, Apr. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.optmat.2023.113702.
M. K. Hossain et al., “Numerical Analysis in DFT and SCAPS-1D on the Influence of Different Charge Transport Layers of CsPbBr3 Perovskite Solar Cells,” Energy and Fuels, vol. 37, no. 8, pp. 6078–6098, Apr. 2023, doi: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.3c00035.
S. D. Stranks et al., “Title: Electron-Hole Diffusion Lengths Exceeding 1 Micron in an Organometal Trihalide Perovskite Absorber.”
Q. Chen et al., “Planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells via vapor-assisted solution process,” J Am Chem Soc, vol. 136, no. 2, pp. 622–625, Jan. 2014, doi: 10.1021/ja411509g.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 ITB Graduate School Conference
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
